Footnotes 3

201. Schabas, "Canadian-Grown Hemp May Soon Be Ready for Fine
Paper Producers," 58, 60.
202. Wilsie, Dyas, and Norman, "Hemp: A War Crop for Iowa,"
596, 599.
203. "Hemp: The Barometer of War," Literary Digest, 27.
204. Wilcox, "The Cost of Producing Hemp...," 79.
205. Ibid., 83-84.
206. Robinson, "Our Flax and Hemp Industries," 243.
207. Dempsey, Fiber Crops, 53.
208. Ibid., 68; Statement of S. H. McCrory, "Farm Crops"
hearings, p. 2485; Dewey, "Hemp," 319.
209. Dacy," Revolutionizing an Industry," 457.
210. Dewey, "Hemp," 320.
211. Wambsganss, ""Chile's Hemp Production," 8.
212. Fournier, "Apercu de la Production du Chanvre...," 1266.
213. Ash, "Hemp-Production and Utilization," 160.
214. "Hemp: Our Forgotten Crop," Missouri Ruralist 8; "Hemp
Slows Up," Business Week, Oct. 23, 1943, p. 40; Wilsie, Dyas and
Norman, "Hemp: An Illinois War Crop," 588; S. H. McCrory to Guy M.
Gillette, April 4, 1944, printed in "Farm Crops" hearings, p. 2482;
Fred E. Butcher, "Farm Crops" hearings, p. 2796.
215. "Hemp Cultivation in the United States," Textile Colorist,
327; Fred E. Butcher, "Farm Crops" hearings, p. 2796.
216. Wilcox, "The Cost of Producing Hemp in Illinois in 1943,"
1. Leo Entringer, "Farm Crops," p. 2831.
217. Coulter, "Hemp on the Home Front," 50.
218. "Hemp: Our Forgotten Crop," Missouri Ruralist, 8;
Hackleman and Domingo, "Hemp: An Illinois War Crop," 1.
219. Fred E. Butcher, "Farm Crops" hearings, p. 2797.
220. Wright, "Wisconsin's Hemp Industry," 6. See also Wright,
"Hemp for Shoes, Ships, and Twine," 28.
221. Gilmore, "Hemp Culture May Be Profitable," 478.
222. M. G. Moksnes, Senate, "Marihuana" hearings, p. 27.
223. Malyon and Henman, "No Marihuana: Plenty of Hemp," 434.
224. "Hemp-Handling Machines Create New Industry," Popular
Mechanics, 333-34; Dewey, "Hemp," 331.
225. "Hemp: The Barometer of War," Literary Digest, 27
226. Clinton M. Hester, House "Marihuana" hearings, p. 68.
227 Ralph F. Lozier, House "Marihuana" hearings, p. 61; U. S.
Treasury, Traffic 1938, p. 91.
228. Clinton M. Hester, Senate "Marihuana" hearings, p. 20.
229. Wright, "Wisconsin's Hemp Industry," 7; "Hemp Slows Up,"
Business Week, Oct. 23, 1943, p. 40; Thomas William Kenefick, "Farm
Crops," p. 2833; George E. Farrell, Senate "Hemp" hearing, p. 16.
230. Fred E. Butcher, "Farm Crops" hearings, p. 2797; "Hemp
Cultivation in the United States," Textile Colorist, 326.
231. Garland, "Hemp: A Minor American Fiber Crop," 126.
232. Small, "American Law and the Species Problem in Cannabis:
Science and Semantics," 2-3, 14-17; Dempsey, Fiber Crops, 47; John N.
McGovern, "Fibers, Vegetable," in Grayson and Eckroth, eds., Kirk, 190;
Grinspoon, "Marihuana Reconsidered," 35-37; Jones and Lovinger, "The
Marijuana Question and Science's Search for an Answer," 2, 252; Fournier,
"Les Chimiotypes du Chanvre...," 679-80, 687; Hemphill, Turner, and
Mahlberg, "Cannabinoid Content of Individual Plant Organs from Different
Geographical Strains of Cannabis sativa L.," 113, 119; Fairbairn, and
Liebmann, " The Cannabinoid Content of Cannabis sativa L. Grown in
England," 413, 415, 418; Latta and Eaton, "Seasonal Fluctuations in
Cannabinoid Content of Kansas Marijuana," 161; Phillips et at., "
Seasonal Variation in Cannabinolic Content of Indiana Marihuana," 196;
Fetterman et al., " Missisippi-Grown Cannabis sativa L.: Preliminary
Observations on Chemical Definition of Phenotype and Variations in THC
Content versus Age, Sex, and Plant Part," 1246-7
233. Royal C. Johnson, Senate "Marihuana" hearings, p. 31.
234. Armagnac, "Plant Wizards Fight Wartime Drug Peril," 63.
235. B. B. Robinson, "Farm Crops" hearings, p. 2684.
236. Fournier, "Les Chimiotypes du Chanvre," 679, 683, 687;
Hemphill, Turner, and Mahlberg, "Cannabinoid Content...," 114, 116, 118;
Fournier, "Apercu de la Production du Chanvre...," 1264; J. P. Mathieu to
Richard Lawrence Miller, May 16, 1991.
237. Malyon and Henman, "No Marihuana...," 433.
238. Novak, "High Culture: Marijuana in the Lives of Americans,"
176, 191-2; Fournier, "Les Chimiotypes du Chanvre," 679; Jones and
Lovinger, "The Marijuana Question and Science's Search for an Answer,"
252; Latta and Eaton, "Seasonal Fluctuations in Cannabinoid Content of
Kansas Marijuana," 161.
239. Fournier, "Apercu de la Production du Chanvre...," 1264;
J. P. Mathieu to Richard Lawrence Miller, May 16, 1991; Fournier, "Les
Chimiotypes du Chanvre," 687.
240. Latta and Eaton, "Seasonal Fluctuations...," 153, 158, 161;
Phillips et al., "Seasonal Variation...," 196-8; Fetterman et at.,
"Mississippi-Grown Cannabis sativa...," 1246.
241. Novak, "High Culture...," 191-2; Malyon and Henman, "No
Marihuana: Plenty of Hemp," 433.
242. Latta and Eaton, "Seasonal Fluctuations...,"; Phillips et
al., Fetterman, et al., "Mississippi-Grown Cannabis...,"
243. Latta and Eaton, "Seasonal Fluctuations...,"
244. Phillips et al., "Seasonal Variations...," 191, 195.
245. "H. R. 6385" memorandum, folder 1270, Ralph Lozier Papers;
Raymond G. Scarlett, House "Marihuana' hearings, p. 74; Joseph
Hertzfeld, House "Marihuana' hearings, p. 77; Memorandum of Rens Hemp
Co., Senate "Marihuana" hearings, p. 24; Schultes, "Man," 60;
Hemphill, Turner, and Mahlberg, "Cannabinoid Content of Individual Plant
Organs...," 112, 113; Latta and Eaton, "Seasonal Fluctuations of Kansas
Marijuana," 153, 156-7; Fetterman et al., "Mississippi-Grown
Cannabis...," 1249.
246. Raymond G. Scarlett, House "Marihuana" hearings, p. 76.
247. Grinspoon, Marihuana Reconsidered, 36-37; Abel, "That
Valuable Article : Hemp," 27; Fournier, "Les Chimiotypes du Chanvre,"
679.
248. Dempsey, Fiber Crops, 55; Robinson, "Hemp," (1943
edition), 5; Matt Rens, Senate "Marihuana" hearings, 26; Ash, "
Hemp-Production and Utilization," 160; Robert M. La Follette, Jr.,
Senate "Hemp" hearing, pp. 3-4.
249. Harry J. Anslinger, Senate "Marihuana" hearings, pp. 10,
17; Matt Rens, Senate "Hemp" hearing, p. 6; Affidavit of George F.
Hayes, May 21, 1945, in Senate "Hemp" hearing, p. 31; Samuel H.
McCrory, Senate "Hemp" hearing, p. 12.
250. J. P. Mathieu t Richard Lawrence Miller, May 16, 1991.
251.Hackleman and Domingo, " Hemp: An Illinois War Crop," 5;
Lyster H. Dewey, House "Marihuana" hearings, pp. 83-84; Haney and
Kutscheid, "An Ecological Study of Naturalized Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)
in East-Central Illinois," 21.
252. File 27, Box 9, Harry J. Anslinger Papers; Harry J.
Anslinger, Senate "Marihuana" hearings, p. 18; B. B Robinson, "Farm
Crops" hearings, p. 2688; Matt Rens, Senate "Hemp" hearing, p. 5;
Fournier, "Les Chimiotypes du Chanvre," 686; Latta and Eaton, "Seasonal
Fluctuations...," 153, 156-7.
253. Wilsie, Black, and Aandahl, "Hemp Production...," 46.
254. Novak, "High Culture...,"177. See also Jones and Lovinger,
"The Marijuana Question," 5.
255. Garland, "Hemp: A Minor American Fiber Crop," 130
256. Harry J. Anslinger, Senate "Marihuana" hearings, pp. 13,
18.
257. Memorandum on Effect of Marihuana Bill (H. R. 6385) Upon
Legitimate Business, folder 1269, Ralph Lozier Papers; Matt Rens, Senate
"Hemp" hearing, p. 5; D. E. Wren, Senate "Hemp" hearing, p. 8.
258. Royal C. Johnson, Senate "Marihuana" hearings, p. 31.
259. Handwritten notes, Ralph Lozier Papers, folder 1270.
260. Ralph F. Lozier, House "Marihuana" hearings, p. 63.
261. H. R. 6906, Sec. 1 (b), Sec. 2 (a) (1), Sec. 6 (b) (5).
262. "Marihuana," Oil, Paint, and Drug Reporter, p. 56.
263. Clinton M. Hester, Senate "Marihuana" hearings, p. 7.
264. Ibid., p.9.
265. Harry J. Anslinger, Senate "Marihuana" hearings, p. 17.
266. Ibid., pp. 17-18.
267. Ibid., p. 18. Growers had to report where their crops were
planted, amount of acreage, and either the amount stalks harvested or
amount of fiber yielded from stalks (26 CFR sec. 152.72, 1938).
268. Clinton M. Hester, Senate "Marihuana" hearings, p. 19.
269. Harry J. Anslinger, Senate "Marihuana" hearings, pp. 10,
18. Hester said if federal agents discovered cannabis growing wild on
someone's property, "if he did not destroy the weed, he would become a
producer...and subject to the [$ 25 annual ] tax. He would not be
committing a crime if he failed to cut it and would merely have to pay a
tax." (Clinton M. Hester, House "Marihuana" hearings, p. 78,)
270. This interpretation of the historical record is explicitly
confirmed in "Marihuana," Oil, Paint, and Drug Reporter, p. 5, and Robert
M. LaFollette, Jr., Senate "Hemp" hearing, p. 18, and Amending Certain
Narcotic Laws, H. Rpt. 1672, 79th Cong., 2d sess.
271. Standard contract between Commodity Credit Corporation and
hemp growers, printed in "Farm Crops" hearings, p. 2483.
272. Title III, section 1, Master Contract between Commodity
Credit Corporation and War Hemp Industries, Inc., printed in "Farm Crops"
hearings, p. 2524.
273. Title III, section 2, Master Contract between Commodity
Credit Corporation and War Hemp Industries, Inc., printed in "Farm Crops:
hearings, pp. 2524-25.
274. Title IV, section 8, Master Contract between Commodity Credit
Corporation and War Hemp Industries, Inc., printed in "Farm Crops"
hearings, p. 2527.
275. Section 10, 1943 Hempseed Purchase Agreement, printed in
"Farm Crops" hearings, p. 2532.
276. Sections 2, 6, and 7, 1943 Hempseed Cleaning Agreement,
printed in "Farm Crops" hearings, pp. 2533, 2535.
277. Robert M. La Follette, Jr., Senate "Hemp" hearing, p. 3;
V. A. Batzner, Senate "Hemp" hearing, p. 9; James J. Biggins to Matt
Rens Hemp Co., March 23, 1945, in Senate "Hemp" hearing, p. 31.
278. V. A. Batzner, Senate "Hemp" hearing, p. 9.
279. B. T. Mitchell and Will S. Wood, Senate "Hemp" hearing, p.
19.
280. Harry J. Anslinger, Senate "Marihuana" hearings, pp. 10,
17.
281. Matt Rens, Senate "Hemp" hearing, p. 6.
282. Affidavit of George F. Hayes, May 21, 1945, in Senate "Hemp"
hearing, p. 31.
283. J. P. Mathieu to Richard Lawrence Miller, May 16, 1991.
284. Samuel H. McCrory, Senate "Hemp" hearing, p. 12.
285.O. C. Olman, Senate "Marihuana" hearings, p. 32; A. H.
Wright to Robert M. LaFollette, Jr., May 19, 1945, in Senate "Hemp"
hearing, pp. 28-29; Statement by A. H. Wright, Senate "Hemp" hearing,
p. 29.
286. Ralph F. Lozier, House "Marihuana" hearings, p. 70.
287. Title 26, sect. 2591(e), USC 1952; Charles S. Murphy,
Senate "Hemp" hearing, p. 20.
288. 26 USC sec. 3231(b), 1952. Slightly revised in 1954 to
broaden the federal agents entitled to examine records (26 USC sec.
4753(b), 1958). As shown in Amending Certain Narcotic Laws, H. Rpt. 1672,
79th Cong., 2d sess., Rep. John D. Dingell was a House conference manager
who agreed to this revision of the 1937 law. Dingell was one of the
toughest proponents of the original 1937 law. His support of the 1946
revision is strong evidence that Congress had no desire to harm the hemp
industry.
289. 26 CFR 152.21 (1971).
290. Statement of A. H. Wright, Senate "Hemp" hearing, p. 30;
Joseph P. O'Hara, Senate "Hemp" hearing, p. 2.
291. Will S. Wood, Senate "Hemp" hearing, p. 18.
292. Ch 204.3, Code of Iowa 1946.
293. Article XXVIII, sec. 2, Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs
(18 UST 1407, 1421).
294. Robinson, "Hemp," (1952 edition); Treasury Department,
Traffic 1961-1967.
295. Statutory commercial hemp regulation was repealed Oct. 27,
1970, date of repeal effective May 1, 1971 (repealed by Pub. L. 91-513,
title III, sec. 1101(b)(3)(A), Oct 27, 1970, 84 Stat. 1292;
administrative regulations repealed by 36 F.R., April 24, 1971, p. 7778.
296. 21 USC 802(16).
297. RS Mo 195.010 (26).
298. Acreage figures are rounded. Figures for legal cannabis are
acres harvested; more acres are planted than are harvested. U. S.
Treasury, Traffic 1938-1944; U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural
1949, Table 413, p. 335.
299. For example see Minnesota Statutes 1957, 20.26-28.
300. Session Laws of Minnesota for 1969, Chapter 57--S. F. No.
609.
301. Fournier, "Les Chimiotypes du Chanvre," 681.
302. Malyon and Henman, "No Marihuana: Plenty of Hemp," 435;
Fournier, "Apercu de la Production du Chanvre...," 1264; J. P. Mathieu to
Richard Lawrence Miller, May 16, 1991; Journal Officiel de la Republique
Francaise, R. 5181, 31 Dec. 1988 and application of R. 5181, 4 Oct. 1990,
p. 12041.
303. Ch. N-1, sec. 2, Revised Statutes of Canada 1985.
304. Ch. N-1, sec. 6(1), Revised Statutes of Canada 1985.


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